Assignment of Policy
第50条
(1) A marine policy is assignable unless it contains terms expressly prohibiting assignment. It may be assigned either before or after loss.
(2) Where a marine policy has been assigned so as to pass the beneficial interest in such policy, the assignee of the policy is entitled to sue thereon in his own name; and the defendant is entitled to make any defence arising out of the contract which he would have been entitled to make if the action had been brought in the name of the person by or on behalf of whom the policy was effected.
(3) A marine policy may be assigned by indorsement thereon or in other customary manner.
海上保険証券は、譲渡禁止の明示がない限り譲渡できる旨を規定しています。
保険証券が有効に譲渡され、保険上の利益が移転した場合、譲受人は自己の名で保険金請求を行うことができます。
実務上は、CIF取引、L/C決済、保険証券の裏書・交付、事故後の権利移転などで問題になります。
第51条
Where the assured has parted with or lost his interest in the subject-matter insured, and has not, before or at the time of so doing, expressly or impliedly agreed to assign the policy, any subsequent assignment of the policy is inoperative:
Provided that nothing in this section affects the assignment of a policy after loss.
被保険者が保険の目的物に対する利益を失った後、あらかじめまたは同時に保険証券を譲渡する合意がなかった場合、その後の保険証券の譲渡は効力を持たない旨を規定しています。
ただし、損害発生後の保険証券の譲渡については、この条項の制限を受けない旨も定めています。